On October 26, 2025, the United States and Thailand signed a Memorandum of Understanding to enhance cooperation on critical minerals supply chains. This agreement aims to diversify supply chains and increase mutual investment in the mineral sectors, facilitating technology transfer and the establishment of local processing industries. Both nations recognize the importance of secure and fair markets for critical minerals, and they intend to collaborate on best practices, regulatory frameworks, and investment opportunities.

The memorandum outlines several areas of cooperation, including sharing technical expertise, fostering partnerships between U.S. and Thai companies, and protecting domestic mineral markets through fair trade practices. Although the agreement is not legally binding, it establishes a framework for ongoing dialogue and information sharing between the two governments, with regular meetings to discuss trade and investment opportunities. Importantly, the agreement underscores both participants’ commitment to adhering to high international standards in mining practices and promoting sustainable economic growth.

Each country will independently assess the suitability of projects for investment while prioritizing joint ventures in mineral resource exploration and development. The memorandum will take effect upon signing, and either party may discontinue cooperation at any time, ensuring flexibility in their collaboration. This initiative aims to strengthen both countries’ resource security and build a resilient supply chain in the critical minerals sector.

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